In the treatment of obesity, calorie intake is adjusted according to BMI values: 2,000 kcal for Class I (BMI 30-35), 1,800 kcal for Class II (BMI 35-40) and 1,500 kcal for Class III (BMI >40). The nutritional distribution is 30-35% protein, 40-45% carbohydrate and 20-25% fat. Among the risk factors are genetic predisposition (family history 42%), hormonal imbalances (thyroid dysfunction 29%) and sedentary lifestyle.

Personalised Nutrition Protocol

Successful obesity treatment is achieved with nutrition plans based on basal metabolic rate and body composition analysis. The daily protein requirement is 1.5-2.0 grams per kilogram of body weight. Preferred sources are: lean meat (200 g), fish (225 g) or 4 eggs, whole grains and olive oil. Daily vegetable consumption should be at least 600 g, and fruit consumption should be planned for the morning hours.

Calorie Restriction and Meal Planning

Daily nutrition should be divided into six meals. In the first three months, a 600-800 calorie deficit can achieve a 10-12% weight loss. Main meals should be 400 calories, snacks 120-175 calories. Each meal should have a protein-rich food balance, and 3 litres of water should be consumed daily.

Risk Factors and Clinical Markers

Variations in the FTO, MC4R and PPAR-gamma genes increase the risk of obesity. Insufficient sleep and shift work double the risk. Long-term antidepressant use can cause a yearly 4 kg increase. The solution is 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week and 15 minutes of mindfulness exercise per day.