A mastectomy is a comprehensive surgical treatment in which cancerous breast tissue and necessary lymph nodes are removed. This method is particularly preferred in advanced breast cancer (Stage III-IV), BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene carriers, and in cases of large or multiple tumours. According to current data, the 5-year disease-free survival rate in patients aged 40-65 is 92%.

Types of Mastectomy and Their Characteristics

• Simple (total) mastectomy: This is the most common type (60%). Only the breast tissue and a few lymph nodes are removed. It has the shortest recovery time.
• Modified radical mastectomy: This is performed in 35% of cases. It involves the removal of the breast tissue as well as the axillary lymph nodes.
• Radical mastectomy: This is the most comprehensive type and is only used in cases (5%) where the chest wall is involved. The chest wall structures and breast muscles are also removed.

PostIoperative Treatment Protocol

• Close intensive care monitoring and regular vital sign checks Drainage system monitoring and wound care
• Infection prevention treatment and pain control
• Restricted physical activity programme

Recovery Process and Possible Complications

Most patients return to their daily activities within 6 weeks. Two options are offered for breast reconstruction: at the same session or 6-12 months later. The main complications are seroma, chronic pain, lymphoedema, and wound infections. Patients at risk of lymphoedema are recommended special compression garments and exercise programmes.